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User manuals for 1990s yard equipment tend to be hard to find. Fortunately, the basic operating instructions for a McCulloch MAC 2816 string trimmer are similar to those of many similar gas trimmers. Keeping weed trimmers running requires periodic cleaning of external and internal components, proper fuel and oil mix, and using the trimmer only for the tasks it was designed for, such as trimming long grass and weeds.
MAC 2618 Anatomy
Once you know the MAC 2618's basic parts, you'll be familiar with your machine and better able to use and maintain it. The McCulloch MAC 2816 consists of a string head, debris shield, handle and engine assembly attached to a metal drive shaft. Components of the engine assembly you should be able to see include a hand grip with throttle trigger, starter pull handle, spark plug and plug wire, ignition switch, air filter cover, fuel tank, fuel primer bulb, choke lever and muffler shield. You can get to the spark arrester through the bottom opening in the muffler shield.
Disassembling the String Head
You'll need to disassemble the string head to inspect or replace the trimmer line on the e MAC 2618. Turn the trimmer off, place it on the ground or a sturdy table and turn the retaining knob -- also called bump knob -- on the bottom of the head counterclockwise with your fingers or a wrench. When you've removed the knob, slide the line spool and tension spring off the shaft to reveal the line. Take care not to misplace the retaining knob or spring.
Replacing Trimming Line
Measure and cut 18 feet of 0.080- or .095-inch plastic cutting line. Insert both ends into one set of paired holes on the spool's center -- one end through one hole, the other through the remaining hole. Pull both ends though the holes evenly and completely until no slack remains and line is securely looped through the spool holes. Beginning at the spool, grasp both strings and wrap them evenly in a clockwise direction around the spool until you're left with approximately 6 inches of line. Insert one string end through one of two opposing external spool holes, repeating with the other string end end through the opposite hole. Reassemble the string head in the reverse order in which you disassembled it and trim the exposed line to 5 inches or less before starting the McCulloch MAC 2816.
Fuel and Oil Mixture Is Essential
Mix fresh gasoline in a 40:1 ratio with any high-quality two-stroke engine oil in an approved gasoline container for the McCulloch MAC 2816. Pour one-half of the gasoline in to the container, add the proper amount of two-stroke oil -- detailed instructions with sample fuel and oil quantities will be printed on the oil container. Add the remaining gasoline, cap the container and swirl gently to mix. If the gasoline will be stored for more than one month, add fuel stabilizer to the mixture, following label instructions. Using old or untreated gasoline may cause hard starting and poor engine performance. You can also buy ready-mixed oil and fuel at home improvement stores.
Starting a Cold or Warm Engine
Start a cold McCulloch MAC 2816 by placing the trimmer on the ground. Ensure the ignition switch is in the 'on' position. Slide the choke lever to the marked 'choke' position and press the rubber carburetor priming bulb 10 times. Grasp the grip with one hand while pulling up on and holding the throttle trigger with your finger. Pull the starter handle four times, slide the choke lever to the 'start' position and pull the start handle four more times until the engine is running. Once the engine has run for 10 seconds, slide the choke lever to 'run' and release the throttle trigger. If the engine fails to start, start over from the beginning. To start a warm engine, depress the throttle trigger, slide the choke lever to 'start' or 'run' and pull the starter handle four times. To shut the engine down, turn the switch to the 'off' position.
Maintenance Tips
Ensure the engine switch is turned to 'off' and the engine is cool before performing maintenance on the McCulloch MAC 2816. Clean the spark plug by gently pulling the wire boot off. Insert a spark plug wrench and remove the plug by turning counterclockwise and pulling the plug outward. Inspect the electrode, clean it with emery cloth, if necessary, check for 0.025-inch gap and adjust if needed with a spark plug gap tool. If the ceramic insulation is cracked, install a new spark plug. Clean the air filer by removing the two air filter cover screws with a screwdriver. Remove the air filter, wash it with soap and water, allow it to air dry and reinstall it. Clean or replace the spark arrester screen by inserting a screwdriver into the slot in the muffler shield. Turn the retaining screw counterclockwise and remove the spark arrester cover and screen. Clean the screen with a utility brush or replace it if it is damaged.
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About the Author
Matt McKay began his writing career in 1999, writing training programs and articles for a national corporation. His work has appeared in various online publications and materials for private companies. McKay has experience in entrepreneurship, corporate training, human resources, technology and the music business.
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The Yard Machine brand line of snow throwers, manufactured by MTD Products, includes single- and two-stage snow throwers with manual or electric starters, different clearing widths ranging from 21 to 30 inches and intake heights ranging from 13 to 21 inches. These snow throwers use Powermore or MTD brand overhead valve horizontal shaft engines, ranging in size from 123 to 420 cubic centimeters, which require a high-quality 5W-30 or synthetic 0W-30, 4-cycle motor oil.
Making the Grade
Snow Mac 522 Owner's Manual Gas And Oil Change
MTD recommends using a high-quality, 4-cycle or similar high detergent motor oil that meets or exceeds the SF or SG service classification. Higher service grades, such as SJ, SL or SM, are also acceptable. Motor oils with the recommended viscosity, 5W-30 or synthetic 0W-30, keep the engine running smoothly in the coldest winter conditions. The manufacturer warns that non-detergent or 2-cycle motor oils will damage and shorten the life of the engine.
Know Your Limits
The oil capacity of the snow thrower’s engine depends on the engine size. The 123cc, 179cc and 208cc engines have a 20-ounce oil capacity. The 277cc, 357cc and 420cc engines have a 37.2-ounce capacity. Overfilling will cause hard starting, excessive smoking and spark plug fouling.
Timing Is Everything
Check the oil each time you use the snow thrower and after every five hours of operation, when the engine is still warm. If the snow thrower is brand new, check the oil before you ever start the machine, as some models are shipped without oil. Starting the engine with no oil or letting the oil level fall under the low mark will cause serious engine damage and void the warranty.
Caps Off
Yard Machine snow thrower engines, depending on the model, have either a quarter-turn oil fill cap or a threaded oil fill cap. The type of cap determines how you will check the oil level in your machine. Before checking oil, make sure the snow thrower is sitting on a level surface with the engine turned off. For quarter-turn caps, remove the cap by turning it to the left. Wipe the dipstick clean with a paper towel or shop rag, reinsert the cap into the oil filler neck and turn the cap to the right until it is properly tightened. Remove the cap again, and look at the level indicator at the bottom of the dipstick. MTD recommends adding oil if the level falls below the center point between the high and low marks. For threaded caps, unscrew the cap and wipe the dipstick clean and then reinsert it into the oil filler neck but do not screw it in. Remove the cap and check the oil level, once again ensuring the level rests between the high and low marks on the end of the dipstick. After checking the oil, replace the cap and tighten it completely before turning on the machine.
References (3)
Snow Mac 522 Owner's Manual Gas And Oil System
About the Author
Based in Ohio, Deborah Waltenburg has been writing online since 2004, focusing on personal finance, personal and commercial insurance, travel and tourism, home improvement and gardening. Her work has appeared on numerous blogs, industry websites and media websites, including 'USA Today.'
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